Bihar, located in eastern India, is a state steeped in history, culture, and spirituality. Known as the land of ancient empires, Bihar was home to the mighty Magadha kingdom and has played a significant role in the development of Indian civilization. The state is blessed with a rich cultural heritage, significant Buddhist and Jain pilgrimage sites, and ancient universities. From the historical city of Patna to the serene Buddhist landmarks of Bodh Gaya, Bihar has something for every traveler. Here are the top 10 tourist destinations in Bihar that you must visit.
1. Bodh Gaya
Bodh Gaya is one of the most revered places for Buddhists worldwide, as it is the site where Lord Buddha attained enlightenment under the Bodhi Tree. The Mahabodhi Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the central attraction here, with its striking architecture and sacred Bodhi Tree. Pilgrims from all over the world come to Bodh Gaya to meditate and pay their respects. The town also has monasteries built by various Buddhist nations, adding to its spiritual ambiance.
- Nearest station: Gaya Junction (16 km)
- Nearest airport: Gaya International Airport (12 km)
- How to reach: Buses and taxis are available from Gaya Junction and Gaya Airport to Bodh Gaya.
2. Nalanda
Nalanda is famous for the ruins of the ancient Nalanda University, one of the oldest centers of learning in the world, established in the 5th century. The remains of the university, including the classrooms, stupas, and monasteries, reflect the rich educational heritage of ancient India. The nearby Nalanda Archaeological Museum houses a collection of artifacts that were found during excavations. Nalanda is a must-visit for history buffs and those interested in India’s academic past.
- Nearest station: Nalanda Railway Station (5 km)
- Nearest airport: Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport, Patna (90 km)
- How to reach: Nalanda is well connected by road to Patna, with regular buses and taxis available.
3. Rajgir
Rajgir is a place of immense historical and religious significance, associated with both Buddhism and Jainism. It was the ancient capital of the Magadha kingdom and a favorite retreat of Lord Buddha. The Japanese Peace Pagoda on Ratnagiri Hill offers panoramic views of the surroundings, while the hot springs in Rajgir are believed to have medicinal properties. Vishwa Shanti Stupa and Griddhakuta (Vulture’s Peak) are among the must-visit spots.
- Nearest station: Rajgir Railway Station
- Nearest airport: Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport, Patna (100 km)
- How to reach: Rajgir is easily accessible by road from Patna and Nalanda, with taxis and buses available.
4. Patna
The capital city of Bihar, Patna, is a treasure trove of historical and cultural landmarks. It boasts the ancient Patna Sahib Gurudwara, one of the holiest places for Sikhs, as well as Kumhrar, the ruins of Pataliputra, the capital of the Mauryan Empire. The Golghar, a massive granary, and the Bihar Museum, which showcases the state’s history, are other key attractions. Patna is a vibrant city that offers a blend of historical charm and modern development.
- Nearest station: Patna Junction
- Nearest airport: Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport, Patna
- How to reach: Patna is well connected by air, rail, and road to all major cities in India.
5. Vaishali
Vaishali is an important site in both Buddhist and Jain traditions. It is believed that Lord Buddha delivered his last sermon here, and the nearby Ashokan Pillar commemorates his visit. Vaishali is also the birthplace of Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism. The city was once a thriving center of trade and politics in ancient India and is now a peaceful retreat for pilgrims and history lovers.
- Nearest station: Hajipur Junction (35 km)
- Nearest airport: Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport, Patna (55 km)
- How to reach: Taxis and buses from Patna or Hajipur connect to Vaishali.
6. Vikramshila
Vikramshila, along with Nalanda, was one of the two major centers of learning in ancient India. The ruins of Vikramshila University, established in the 8th century, are still well-preserved and showcase the architectural brilliance of the Pala dynasty. The site consists of a monastery, stupas, and meditation halls, which give visitors a glimpse into the academic prowess of ancient India.
- Nearest station: Kahalgaon Railway Station (13 km)
- Nearest airport: Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport, Patna (270 km)
- How to reach: Buses and private taxis from Bhagalpur or Patna connect to Vikramshila.
7. Pawapuri
Pawapuri is an important pilgrimage site for Jains as it is the place where Lord Mahavira, the founder of Jainism, attained nirvana. The Jal Mandir, a beautiful marble temple situated in the middle of a lotus pond, is the main attraction here. Pawapuri is a serene and peaceful location, making it an ideal place for meditation and spiritual reflection.
- Nearest station: Rajgir Railway Station (25 km)
- Nearest airport: Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport, Patna (90 km)
- How to reach: Pawapuri is connected by road to Rajgir and Patna, with regular buses and taxis available.
8. Sonepur
Sonepur is famous for its annual Cattle Fair, the largest of its kind in Asia. The fair, which usually takes place in November, attracts traders from all over the country, selling animals ranging from elephants to camels. Apart from the fair, Sonepur has religious significance due to the presence of the Hariharnath Temple. The town is situated on the banks of the Ganges and offers scenic views and a glimpse into rural Bihar.
- Nearest station: Sonepur Railway Station
- Nearest airport: Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport, Patna (25 km)
- How to reach: Sonepur is well connected by road and rail from Patna and other nearby cities.
9. Rohtasgarh Fort
Rohtasgarh Fort, located in the Rohtas district, is one of the largest hill forts in India and is known for its strategic importance throughout history. The fort offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape and features ancient temples, palaces, and water reservoirs within its premises. A trek to the fort is both challenging and rewarding, offering adventure along with historical exploration.
- Nearest station: Sasaram Railway Station (39 km)
- Nearest airport: Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport, Patna (150 km)
- How to reach: The fort is accessible via road from Sasaram or Patna, with buses and private taxis available.
10. Kesaria Stupa
Kesaria Stupa is one of the tallest Buddhist stupas in the world, standing at a height of 104 feet. It is believed to have been built to commemorate Lord Buddha’s final offering to the people before his enlightenment. The stupa’s sheer size and historical significance make it a must-visit for those interested in Buddhism and ancient architecture.
- Nearest station: Chakia Railway Station (12 km)
- Nearest airport: Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport, Patna (120 km)
- How to reach: Buses and taxis from Patna and Motihari connect to Kesaria.